{"commentaries":[],"citedBy":{"1":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.18.12.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 18:12","href":"/jhn/18/#v12-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 1","snippet":"The \"bonds\" are not mentioned in the Synoptists till afterwards (Matt, xxvii. 2, note; Mark xv. 1) ; yet such a precaution is implied in their narrative."},{"id":"westcott.JHN.18.29.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 18:29","href":"/jhn/18/#v29-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 1","snippet":"Comp. Mark xv. 1 ; Luke xxiii. i."}],"2":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.18.33.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 18:33","href":"/jhn/18/#v33-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 2","snippet":"(Matt, xxvii. 11; Mark xv. 2; Luke xxiii. 3)."}],"3":[],"4":[],"5":[],"6":[],"7":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.18.40.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 18:40","href":"/jhn/18/#v40-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 7","snippet":"Luke xxiii. 19; Mark xv. 7; Matt, xxvii. 16, note)."}],"8":[{"id":"ryle.JHN.18.39.2","author":"J. C. Ryle","author_dates":"1816-1900","tradition":"Anglican (Evangelical)","era":"The 1800s","died":1900,"ref":"John 18:39","href":"/jhn/18/#v39-ryle","text":"Mark xv. 8","snippet":"(See Mark xv. 8."}],"9":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.18.33.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 18:33","href":"/jhn/18/#v33-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 2, 9, 12, 18, 26","snippet":"Compare Matt. ii. 2, xxvii. 11, 29, 37 ; Mark xv. 2, 9, 12, 18, 26 ; Luke xxiii. 3, 37, 38."}],"10":[{"id":"ryle.JHN.18.31.1","author":"J. C. Ryle","author_dates":"1816-1900","tradition":"Anglican (Evangelical)","era":"The 1800s","died":1900,"ref":"John 18:31","href":"/jhn/18/#v31-ryle","text":"Mark xv. 10","snippet":"(Matt xxvii. 18 ; xxvii. 19; Mark xv. 10."}],"11":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.18.38-40.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 18:38–40","href":"/jhn/18/#v38-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 11","snippet":"When the choice was put to them there was for a time a division of feeling, or hesitation (Mark xv. 11, note). ..."}],"12":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.18.33.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 18:33","href":"/jhn/18/#v33-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 2, 9, 12, 18, 26","snippet":"Compare Matt. ii. 2, xxvii. 11, 29, 37 ; Mark xv. 2, 9, 12, 18, 26 ; Luke xxiii. 3, 37, 38."}],"13":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.19.6.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 19:6","href":"/jhn/19/#v6-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 13","snippet":"(Contrast Mark xv. 13 f., \" Crucify him."}],"14":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.19.12.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 19:12","href":"/jhn/19/#v12-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 14","snippet":"Compare Mark xv. 14 ... with Matt, xxvii. 23 ...."}],"15":[],"16":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.18.3.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 18:3","href":"/jhn/18/#v3-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 16","snippet":"Matt, xxvii. 27; Mark xv. 16 ; Acts xxi. 31 f. ; and also Jos. 'Ant.' XX. 4. 3? 'B. \\: v. 5. 8> The original word ... is used by Polybius thither with lanterns and torches and weapons."}],"17":[],"18":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.18.33.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 18:33","href":"/jhn/18/#v33-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 2, 9, 12, 18, 26","snippet":"Compare Matt. ii. 2, xxvii. 11, 29, 37 ; Mark xv. 2, 9, 12, 18, 26 ; Luke xxiii. 3, 37, 38."}],"19":[{"id":"bengel.JHN.18.21-22.1","author":"Johann Albrecht Bengel","author_dates":"1687-1752","tradition":"Lutheran Pietist","era":"Puritans and the 1700s","died":1752,"ref":"John 18:21–22","href":"/jhn/18/#v21-bengel","text":"Mark xv. 19","snippet":"“They smote Him with their hands,” but with a reed, as appears from Mark xv. 19; or else with rods, as appears from] Matt. xxvi. 67, where ... is the word used to express blows with the hand ; ... blows with rods, which the servant. had, note, Mark xiv. 65. ... in such a manner."},{"id":"bengel.JHN.19.2-4.1","author":"Johann Albrecht Bengel","author_dates":"1687-1752","tradition":"Lutheran Pietist","era":"Puritans and the 1700s","died":1752,"ref":"John 19:2–4","href":"/jhn/19/#v2-bengel","text":"Mark xv. 19","snippet":"See Harm. ... strokes) with a reed [not “ with their hands,” as Engl. : see note, ch. xviii. 22]; Mark xv. 19. ..."}],"20":[],"21":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.9.1-12.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 9:1–12","href":"/jhn/9/#v1-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 21","snippet":"The word ..., which is rarely used (Matt. ix. 9 ; Mark ii. 14; Matt. ix. 27, xx. 30; Mark xv. 21), directs notice to the attendant circumstances."},{"id":"westcott.JHN.19.17.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 19:17","href":"/jhn/19/#v17-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 21","snippet":"From the Synoptists (Matt, xxvii. 32; Mark xv. 21; Luke xxiii. 26) it appears that on the way Simon of Cyrene (see Mark l. c. note) was taken either to carry or to assist in carrying the cross."}],"22":[],"23":[{"id":"calvin.JHN.19.28.1","author":"John Calvin","author_dates":"1509-1564","tradition":"Reformed","era":"Reformation","died":1564,"ref":"John 19:28","href":"/jhn/19/#v28-calvin","text":"Mark 15:23, 36","snippet":"From what is stated by the other Evangelists, (Matthew 27:48; Mark 15:23, 36; Luke 23:36,) it may readily be concluded that the passage referred to is Psalm 69:21,"}],"24":[{"id":"calvin.JHN.19.23.1","author":"John Calvin","author_dates":"1509-1564","tradition":"Reformed","era":"Reformation","died":1564,"ref":"John 19:23","href":"/jhn/19/#v23-calvin","text":"Mark 15:24","snippet":"The other Evangelists also mention the parting of Christ’s garments among the soldiers, (Matthew 27:35; Mark 15:24; Luke 23:34."},{"id":"westcott.JHN.19.23.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 19:23","href":"/jhn/19/#v23-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 24","snippet":"St John describes in minute detail what the other Evangelists state summarily (Matt, xxvii. 35; Mark xv. 24; Luke xxiii. 34), and explains what they say of \" casting lots."}],"25":[{"id":"calvin.JHN.19.14.1","author":"John Calvin","author_dates":"1509-1564","tradition":"Reformed","era":"Reformation","died":1564,"ref":"John 19:14","href":"/jhn/19/#v14-calvin","text":"Mark 15:25","snippet":"Mark, too says expressly that it was the third hour when the sentence was pronounced on him, (Mark 15:25."},{"id":"henry.JHN.19.14.1","author":"Matthew Henry","author_dates":"1662-1714","tradition":"English Nonconformist (Presbyterian)","era":"Puritans and the 1700s","died":1714,"ref":"John 19:14","href":"/jhn/19/#v14-henry","text":"Mark xv. 25","snippet":"Some ancient Greek and Latin manuscripts read it about the third hour, which agrees with Mark xv. 25."},{"id":"ryle.JHN.19.14.1","author":"J. C. Ryle","author_dates":"1816-1900","tradition":"Anglican (Evangelical)","era":"The 1800s","died":1900,"ref":"John 19:14","href":"/jhn/19/#v14-ryle","text":"Mark xv. 25","snippet":"The difficulty lies in the fact that Mark in his Gospel expressly says, \" it was the third hour, and they crucified Him \" (Mark xv. 25) ; while John in this place says our Lord was only condemned at the sixth hour !"}],"26":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.18.33.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 18:33","href":"/jhn/18/#v33-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 2, 9, 12, 18, 26","snippet":"Compare Matt. ii. 2, xxvii. 11, 29, 37 ; Mark xv. 2, 9, 12, 18, 26 ; Luke xxiii. 3, 37, 38."}],"27":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.19.18.2","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 19:18","href":"/jhn/19/#v18-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 27","snippet":"St John by the addition of this clause emphasizes the thought which the other Evangelists leave to be deduced (Matt, xxvii. 38 ; Mark xv. 27 ; Luke xxiii. 33)."}],"29":[],"30":[],"31":[],"32":[{"id":"ryle.JHN.19.20.2","author":"J. C. Ryle","author_dates":"1816-1900","tradition":"Anglican (Evangelical)","era":"The 1800s","died":1900,"ref":"John 19:20","href":"/jhn/19/#v20-ryle","text":"Mark xv. 32","snippet":"(Mark xv. 32."},{"id":"westcott.JHN.1.49.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 1:49","href":"/jhn/1/#v49-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 32","snippet":"Compare Matt, xxvii. 42; Mark xv. 32, where the mockery is made more bitter by the use of this theocratic phrase in place of the civil title, \" King of the Jews."}],"33":[{"id":"calvin.JHN.19.14.1","author":"John Calvin","author_dates":"1509-1564","tradition":"Reformed","era":"Reformation","died":1564,"ref":"John 19:14","href":"/jhn/19/#v14-calvin","text":"Mark 15:33","snippet":"The other three Evangelists say that the darkness came on about the sixth hour, while Christ was hanging on the cross, (Matthew 27:45; Mark 15:33; Luke 23:44."},{"id":"westcott.JHN.19.28.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 19:28","href":"/jhn/19/#v28-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 33","snippet":"But all thought is concentrated upon the Lord Himself, upon His words and His actions; and it may be for. this reason that St John omits all mention of the three hours' darkness (Matt, xxvii. 45 ; Mark xv. 33)."}],"34":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.17.1.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 17:1","href":"/jhn/17/#v1-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 34","snippet":"The prayer is not regarded as directlypersonal (glorify me; contrast xi. 41); nor is it in a universal type (0 God, glorify; see Luke xviii. 11, 13, and also Mark xv. 34)."},{"id":"westcott.JHN.19.30.3","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 19:30","href":"/jhn/19/#v30-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 34","snippet":"(Matt, xxvii. 46; Mark xv. 34)."}],"35":[],"36":[{"id":"calvin.JHN.19.28.1","author":"John Calvin","author_dates":"1509-1564","tradition":"Reformed","era":"Reformation","died":1564,"ref":"John 19:28","href":"/jhn/19/#v28-calvin","text":"Mark 15:23, 36","snippet":"From what is stated by the other Evangelists, (Matthew 27:48; Mark 15:23, 36; Luke 23:36,) it may readily be concluded that the passage referred to is Psalm 69:21,"}],"37":[],"38":[],"39":[{"id":"ryle.JHN.7.28.1","author":"J. C. Ryle","author_dates":"1816-1900","tradition":"Anglican (Evangelical)","era":"The 1800s","died":1900,"ref":"John 7:28","href":"/jhn/7/#v28-ryle","text":"Mark xv. 39","snippet":"Our Lord is only said to have \" cried \" or lifted up His voice in four other passages in the Gospels,— viz., Matt, xxvii. 50; Mark xv. 39 ; John vii. 37, and xii. 44."},{"id":"ryle.JHN.12.44.2","author":"J. C. Ryle","author_dates":"1816-1900","tradition":"Anglican (Evangelical)","era":"The 1800s","died":1900,"ref":"John 12:44","href":"/jhn/12/#v44-ryle","text":"Mark xv. 39","snippet":"It is found in Matt, xxvii. 50; Mark xv. 39; John vii. 28— 37, and here."}],"40":[{"id":"bengel.JHN.19.23-25.1","author":"Johann Albrecht Bengel","author_dates":"1687-1752","tradition":"Lutheran Pietist","era":"Puritans and the 1700s","died":1752,"ref":"John 19:23–25","href":"/jhn/19/#v23-bengel","text":"Mark xv. 40","snippet":"… lots for it) A rare event, and yet not unforetold. —V. ... these things) which they had spoken of among themselves. ... there were standing) John from modesty does not mention his own mother Salome, who also stood by [Mark xv. 40]. ... the sister) No brother of Mary is mentioned."}],"41":[],"42":[{"id":"ryle.JHN.19.14.1","author":"J. C. Ryle","author_dates":"1816-1900","tradition":"Anglican (Evangelical)","era":"The 1800s","died":1900,"ref":"John 19:14","href":"/jhn/19/#v14-ryle","text":"Mark xv. 42","snippet":"(Mark xv. 42."}],"43":[{"id":"ryle.JHN.19.38.1","author":"J. C. Ryle","author_dates":"1816-1900","tradition":"Anglican (Evangelical)","era":"The 1800s","died":1900,"ref":"John 19:38","href":"/jhn/19/#v38-ryle","text":"Mark xv. 43","snippet":"(Mark xv. 43."},{"id":"westcott.JHN.19.38.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 19:38","href":"/jhn/19/#v38-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 43","snippet":"(a rich man) ; Mark xv. 43 f."}],"44":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.19.38.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 19:38","href":"/jhn/19/#v38-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 44","snippet":"Joseph would be able to prefer his request after the death of the Lord (Mark xv. 44), and before the bodies were removed in the ordinary course."}],"45":[],"46":[{"id":"henry.JHN.20.6-7.2","author":"Matthew Henry","author_dates":"1662-1714","tradition":"English Nonconformist (Presbyterian)","era":"Puritans and the 1700s","died":1714,"ref":"John 20:6–7","href":"/jhn/20/#v6-henry","text":"Mark xv. 46","snippet":"… tombs have been known to take away the clothes and leave the body; but none [prior to the practices of modern resurrectionists] ever took away the body and left the clothes, especially when it was fine linen and new, Mark xv. 46."},{"id":"ryle.JHN.19.40.1","author":"J. C. Ryle","author_dates":"1816-1900","tradition":"Anglican (Evangelical)","era":"The 1800s","died":1900,"ref":"John 19:40","href":"/jhn/19/#v40-ryle","text":"Mark xv. 46","snippet":"(Mark xv. 46."},{"id":"westcott.JHN.19.38.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 19:38","href":"/jhn/19/#v38-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 46","snippet":"Thus he \"took down\" the Lord's Body (Mark xv. 46 ; Luke xxiii. 53), either assisting in or directing the act."}],"47":[{"id":"westcott.JHN.19.38-42.1","author":"B. F. Westcott","author_dates":"1825-1901","tradition":"Anglican","era":"The 1800s","died":1901,"ref":"John 19:38–42","href":"/jhn/19/#v38-westcott","text":"Mark xv. 47","snippet":"From this point of sight it is natural that the ministry of the women should be passed over (Matt, xxvii. 61 ; Mark xv. 47 ; Luke xxiii. 55 f.) : their continued service revealed no sudden growth of love or selfsacrifice."}]}}